Visual attention toward tourism photographs with text: An eye-tracking study

This study examines consumers' visual attention toward tourism photographs with text naturally embedded in landscapes and their perceived advertising effectiveness. Eye-tracking is employed to record consumers' visual attention and a questionnaire is administered to acquire information about the perceived advertising effectiveness. The impacts of text elements are examined by two factors: viewers' understanding of the text language (understand vs. not understand), and the number of textual messages (single vs. multiple). Findings indicate that text within the landscapes of tourism photographs draws the majority of viewers' visual attention, irrespective of whether or not participants understand the text language. People spent more time viewing photographs with text in a known language compared to photographs with an unknown language, and more time viewing photographs with a single textual message than those with multiple textual messages. Viewers reported higher perceived advertising effectiveness toward tourism photographs that included text in the known language.     

Social entrepreneurship as an essentially contested concept: Opening a new avenue for systematic future research

Social entrepreneurship has emerged as an active area of practice and research within the last three decades. Nevertheless, in spite of its growing popularity, scholars and practitioners are far from reaching a consensus as to what social entrepreneurship actually means. This has resulted in a number of different definitions and approaches within the field of social entrepreneurship. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the ongoing contestation of social entrepreneurship and to offer a novel conceptual understanding of the concept that can facilitate the development of systematic and structured future research. To this end, we analyze social entrepreneurship on the basis of the theory of essentially contested concepts, which was proposed by Walter Bryce Gallie in 1956. Building upon this theory, this article shows that social entrepreneurship can be regarded as an essentially contested concept and that a universal definition that would be accepted among contestant parties is hardly possible. Responding to this recognition, the article proposes the conceptualization of social entrepreneurship as a cluster concept, which can serve as a conceptual tool to help advancing social entrepreneurship as a coherent field of research despite its contested nature.     

Sustainability in the prospective scenarios methods: A case study of scenarios for biodiesel industry in Brazil,for 2030

In order to build prospective scenarios for biodiesel industry in Brazil, with a sustainable perspective, it was necessary to develop a cross-disciplinary work to include Sachs’ dimensions of sustainability into the scenarios method. This meant linking concepts from different disciplines, without transforming it in a new discipline. In order to support the proposition for the new method, a study case is presented, the framework for the biodiesel scenarios in Brazil, by 2030. An in-depth interview was used to test the proposition of having the sustainability dimensions as driving forces. The result was the identification of a critical uncertainty composed of various aspects related the response to climate change and environmental conservation. The scenario storylines that were developed based on the critical uncertainties showed that sustainable options for the future are possible if the mental maps are enlarged to see beyond the business as usual.The results show that the scenarios storylines go through social, environmental and economic aspects, supported by other aspects like the territorial and political. Also it showed that sustainable options are possible if the mental maps are enlarged to see beyond the business as usual.     

浅谈中国概念股的信任危机

近年来,美国做空机构做空中国概念股的现象频频出现。文中基于浑水公司和香橼公司能够不断做空中国概念股的案例,对做空公司的发展,中国概念股的现状以及做空原因等进行分析,并辩证地看待做空机构的存在对资本市场发展的意义,同时对中国概念股如何应对做空机构,在危机中生存提出建议。     

Integrating the Ethical Dimension into the Analytical Framework for the Reform of State-Owned Enterprises in China's Socialist Market Economy: A Proposal

The discussions about the reform of state-owned enterprises are so far dominated by economic and legal considerations while the ethical dimension of this highly complex problem is being barely addressed explicitly, much less developed systematically and integrated into a broader analytical framework for companies in China. This paper is a proposal to introduce this kind of ethical considerations. First, the main features of the reform of state-owned enterprises are briefly summarized and a number of critical issues are identified. Second, the "balanced concept of the firm" is presented and compared with other approaches to corporate ethics in chiefly Western literature (discussions on "corporate social responsibility", the stakeholder approach, and social contract theories). Finally, the relevance of this "balanced concept of the firm" for the reform of state-owned enterprises is briefly discussed.     

The Effects of Process and Content Facilitation Restrictiveness on GSS-Mediated Collaborative Learning

Group Support Systems (GSS) technology, extensively applied in decision-making contexts, is now seeing increased application in the educational sector. Previous work has suggested that GSS applications can have significant positive effects on both the process and the outcome of collaborative learning. This study extends this work to examine the effects of process (high/low) and content (high/low) facilitation restrictiveness on GSS-supported collaborative learning. Our results indicate that content facilitation restrictiveness has no significant bearing on student learning. Process facilitation restrictiveness, on the other hand, is more influential, with knowledge acquisition by students requiring a low restrictive environment.     

认知无线电研究综述

本文论证了功利导向的市场化改革不是万能的,至少不适合科研领域。科研的根本动力是人对科学问题的兴趣,而功利化冲淡人对科学的兴趣,使人分心、浮躁和思想不自由,因而不是科研的动力;而是科研的阻力。科学产品具有自然垄断性、公共性、外部性和信息不完全性,因而容易使市场失效。在此基础上,文章还分析了中国科学的进步远不如经济的增长的一个主要原因是中国人的实用主义和功利主义的价值观。     

绿色发展理念引领贸易经济高质量发展研究

当前,中国不断提升生态环境承载能力,不断增强贸易经济绿色发展动能,相关体制机制日益完善,为绿色发展理念引领贸易经济高质量发展创造了有利条件。但在此过程中,也面临着产业转型压力大、绿色发展区域不平衡及绿色发展投入不足等问题。应采取将绿色发展理念贯穿贸易经济发展各领域,坚持制度管控、将绿色理念融入贸易经济高质量发展全过程,大力推动贸易行业绿色产业发展,构建支持力度更大的绿色金融体系等措施,真正实现贸易经济高质量发展。     

高校教学档案管理的现状困境及其应对策略——以内蒙古地区为例

内蒙古地区高校不仅担负培养社会主义建设者的任务,同时还担负为培养少数民族骨干、促进地区经济发展、增强民族团结的重任.本文通过对内蒙古地区高校教学档案管理发展过程中存在的主要困境进行分析,并提出了一些有针对性的对策,以期对内蒙古地区高校教学档案管理有些借鉴意义.     

书院制人才培养：逻辑架构与系统创新——以南京审计学院为例

越来越多的高校继承中国古代书院精神和传统,借鉴西方寄宿制经验,探索符合时代精神的书院制人才培养模式,推进高等教育教学改革。南京审计学院在遵循学生成长规律的基础上,借鉴国内外高等教育教学改革的成功经验,逐渐形成了书院改革思路,提出了在全人教育理念统领下的两种机制（学院、书院）协同、三全模式（全员育人、全过程育人和全方位育人）优化、四要素（通识教育、导师制、学分制、住宿制）联动、五大体系（人才培养体系、学业辅导体系、综合素质提升体系、自主管理体系、“三务联动”支持体系）整合的人才培养创新系统。